VANUATU CULTURAL RESEARCH POLICY

Please note that as of mid-2005 the web pages of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre are now located at http://www.vanuatuculture.org.

VANUATU CULTURAL RESEARCH POLICY

1. Definitions

"Kastom" : traditional political, social, religious and economic structures, and their associated practices, systems of knowledge and material items.

"Local community" : the group(s) of people that are the subject of the research effort and/or live in the area in which research is being undertaken.

"Ni-Vanuatu" : a citizen of the Republic of Vanuatu as defined by the Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu.

"Products of research" : publications (including reports, theses, books, manuscripts, academic articles, sound recordings, film and video, computer databases), field notes, illustrations, photographs, film and video, sound recordings, collected material artefacts, specimens.

"Cultural research" : any endeavour, by means of critical investigation and study of a subject, to discover new or collate old facts or hypotheses on a cultural subject; the latter being defined as any ethnographic or anthropological study, including basic data collection, studies of or incorporating traditional knowledge or classification systems (eg. studies of the medicinal properties of plants, land and marine tenure systems), documentary films, archaeology, linguistics and ethno-historical accounts. This excludes any research undertaken by ni-Vanuatu, by Government officers in the execution of their duty or at the request of the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu.

"Tabu" : a subject to which access is restricted to any degree. Such subjects can include places, names, knowledge, oral traditions, objects and practices.

"Traditional copyright" : the traditional right of individuals to control the ways the information they provide is used and accessed. The issue of traditional copyright arises when individuals either own or are the custodians of specialised (and usually tabu) knowledge and its communication. This knowledge can include names, designs or forms, oral traditions, practices and skills.

2. Guiding principles

i) Kastom is the expression of the achievements of the people of Vanuatu and encompasses the many different and distinct cultures of Vanuatu.

ii) Kastom belongs to individuals, families, lineages and communities in Vanuatu.

iii) The people of Vanuatu recognise the importance of knowing and conserving their kastom and history.

iv) Knowledge is founded upon research in the broadest sense, that is, upon the collation of new facts and hypotheses and the criticism, evaluation and interpretation of existing ones. Inevitably research is the product of researchers and their particular viewpoints.

v) The knowledge and dissemination of the kastom and history of Vanuatu should be directed firstly, if the subject is a particular culture to the people of that culture, secondly to other ni-Vanuatu and lastly to non-citizens.

vi) Research in practice is a cooperative venture involving researchers, individual and groups of informants, local communities, chiefs, cultural fieldworkers, cultural administrative bodies and local and national governments, and should be approached as such.

3. Policy statements

i) Responsibility for research in Vanuatu

The Vanuatu National Cultural Council is responsible for research in Vanuatu under cap.186, 6(2)(e) of the Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu. It is the role of the National Cultural Council to define and implement national research policies (including those outlined in this document), to define national research priorities, and to sponsor, regulate and carry out programs of research. As part of its regulatory function, the National Cultural Council will determine whether it is desirable that a foreign national undertake research in the stated field.

ii) Approval of research proposals

1) Evaluation : All research proposals must receive the approval of the Vanuatu National Cultural Council and the local community. An explanation of the proposed research project to the local community by the researcher and/or the Cultural Centre is a prerequisite to the local community giving approval. Other bodies that should be consulted include the local government and the area council of chiefs. In cases where there are conflicts of interest (for example the local community wants a researcher but the local government disapproves) it is up to the National Cultural Council to determine whose wishes take precedence. The National Cultural Council may bring in advisors such as the Minister responsible for culture, chiefs, academics and professionals to assist in the evaluation of a research proposal. All researchers must provide to the Council the name and address of a referee of professional standing to assist in its evaluation of the proposal.

2) Fees / Guarantees : An authorisation fee of 25 000 vatu must be provided by the researcher before the research proposal can be approved. Where research involves more than one visit, and this is clearly stated in the Research Agreement, a fee of 5000 vatu is to be paid on each subsequent visit after the first. In addition, researchers not affiliated with a recognised research institution will be required to provide a deposit of 40 000 vatu to ensure compliance with the conditions for the deposit of products of research as stipulated in section 3(vi) of this document. This fee is retrievable once such deposits are made. For affiliated researchers, a letter from the relevant institution guaranteeing the deposit of products of research by the researcher is required before the research proposal can be approved. All funds received from the researcher will be used by the Vanuatu Cultural Centre to cover all administrative costs incurred in the setting up and implementation of the research venture and to fund the general work of cultural resource management in Vanuatu, including cultural research, documentation and revival projects. In cases where it is necessary for Cultural Centre personnel to travel to the proposed research location to help facilitate the research venture (either prior to, during or after the period of research), the researcher will agree in writing to reimburse the Cultural Centre for any costs incurred in such travel, and this agreement will be recorded in section 12 (Additional clauses/conditions) of the Research Agreement. The National Cultural Council may waive any or all of the above fees.

3) Signification of approval : The approval of a research proposal is signified by the signing of the Research Agreement [Appendix 1] by the researcher(s) and the National Cultural Council, the latter signing on behalf of the local community and the national government. In research ventures that involve more than one researcher, a separate agreement may be required for each researcher stating exactly what the research topic and capacity of each individual is to be, and which may carry its own unique obligations. As a foreign national, the researcher will be registered as working for the Vanuatu Cultural Centre under the Immigration Act category of a “person seconded to the Government of Vanuatu” (Cap.66, 9(b) of the Laws of Vanuatu). Should the National Cultural Council decide to terminate a research venture (see section (x) of this document), the Research Agreement will be annulled and the researcher's visa withdrawn.

iii) Encouragement of ni-Vanuatu performed research

With a view to maximising opportunities for ni-Vanuatu to conduct research it is the responsibility of the National Cultural Council to: (a) initiate research ventures to be undertaken by ni-Vanuatu, including cooperative ventures with expatriates; (b) ensure input by ni-Vanuatu into all research projects; and (c) ensure that a research proposal received from a foreign national does not conflict with research undertaken by a ni-Vanuatu, which will involve identifying the possible research aspirations of ni-Vanuatu scholars in training. It is desirable that participatory research (where members of a community undertake research on their own culture) and research by non-academics in local communities, as well as by scholars, is encouraged. The national government has a role in encouraging research by ni-Vanuatu and in the support, recognition and provision of facilities for ni-Vanuatu researchers.

iv) Training

There must be maximum involvement of indigenous scholars, students and members of the community in research, full recognition of their collaboration, and training to enable their further contribution to country and community. Such training will be in specific areas determined by the researcher but should be generally concerned with cultural research and documentation skills, and have the aim of facilitating the continuation of research once the foreign researcher leaves the country. The National Cultural Council may nominate individuals to be involved in research and/or trained.

v) Benefit to the local community

All research projects will include a cultural product of immediate benefit and use to the local community. This product will be decided upon by the researcher, the local community and the Cultural Centre as part of the initial agreement, and the Cultural Centre should have a role in assisting the researcher in its provision. Such products could include booklets of kastom information, photo albums of visual records, simple educational booklets for use in schools (the provision of all products for use in schools should be coordinated by the Curriculum Development Centre), programs for the revitalisation of particular kastom skills in the community, training workshops in cultural documentation, etc. This product will be provided no later than 6 months after termination of the research period.

vi) Deposit of products of research

Copies of all non-artefact products of research are to be deposited without charge with the Cultural Centre [under cap.88 of the Laws of Vanuatu] and, where feasible, with the local community. Two copies of films and videos are to be provided, one for public screening and the other for deposit in the archives. In the case of films, a copy on video is also required. Any artefacts collected become the property of the Cultural Centre unless traditional ownership has been established as stipulated in the Traditional Copyright Agreement [Appendix 2]. The carrying of any artefacts or specimens outside the country is prohibited as stipulated under cap.39 of the Laws of Vanuatu. Artefacts and specimens may be taken out of the country for overseas study and analysis under cap.39(7), with conditions for their return being stipulated in the Research Agreement. The Vanuatu Cultural and Historic Sites Survey is to be consulted about the provision of information on any sites of cultural or historic significance recorded.

vii) Accessibility of products of research

The researcher will be responsible for the translation of a publication in a language other than a vernacular language of Vanuatu or one of the three national languages of Vanuatu into a vernacular or one of the national languages, preferably the one used in education in the local community. They will also make the information in all products of research, subject to copyright restrictions as stipulated in the Traditional Copyright Agreement, accessible to the local community through such means as audio cassettes or copies of recorded information, preferably in the vernacular. Researchers are also required to submit an interim report of not less than 2000 words no later than 6 months after the research period has ended giving a reasonable precis of their work. This should be in one of the national languages and in `layman's terms' so as to be of general use to all citizens.

viii) Benefit to the nation

Having a trained person working at a local community level is an opportunity from which the nation can gain significant benefit, and the National Cultural Council, the Cultural Centre or the national government may therefore request the researcher to perform certain services additional to their research work. For instance, researchers could provide assistance to government by providing information on sideline topics of a general nature from their community research perspective, such as health surveys, information on the viability of certain development projects, etc. They could also provide free and independent consultancies to national bodies and teaching and curriculum development services. Similarly, the Cultural Centre could benefit from requesting the researcher to undertake specific lines of inquiry of an anthropological nature for its own purposes concurrently with their own research topic. Furthermore, such a trained person could initiate in their host community projects on behalf of the Cultural Centre such as libraries, education centres, Cultural Centres, etc. Foreign researchers can also provide for the Cultural Centre invaluable access to materials on Vanuatu held overseas, contacts overseas, and might be able to facilitate scholarships for ni-Vanuatu students in overseas educational institutions. Any such undertaking(s) expected of the researcher will be stipulated in the Research Agreement.

ix) The Traditional Copyright Agreement

The Traditional Copyright Agreement [Appendix 2] is intended to protect traditional copyrights and to ensure the respect of this indigenous method of controlling information and the communication of specialised knowledge and form. In all instances where information or material data is obtained by the researcher, the researcher and the supplier of this data must complete the Traditional Copyright Agreement which will state the conditions under which this material may or may not be used. The purpose of this agreement is to make the subjects and informants of research aware of their ownership and rights over the information they impart and to contractually enshrine these rights, thus obligating the researcher to respect them.

x) Termination of a research project

The National Cultural Council may revoke its approval of and terminate a research venture should the researcher fail to comply with any of the conditions agreed to in the Research Agreement. Should a research project be terminated before its completion, copies of all products of research made prior to termination are to be deposited with the Cultural Centre as outlined in section 3(vi) of this document. In the case of termination by the local community, the National Cultural Council may reconsider the research project for another locality.

xi) Role of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre

The Cultural Centre is responsible for facilitating, coordinating, and administering all research projects in the country and for ensuring feedback on these projects to national government and non-government bodies. In this capacity the Cultural Centre will:

1) Identify potential subjects and areas of research, formulate research proposals and invite foreign and ni-Vanuatu researchers to undertake certain projects.

2) Facilitate and assist the undertaking of research by ni-Vanuatu.

3) Identify and facilitate opportunities for local communities to request trained researchers to assist them with research of their kastom and history.

4) Provide advice on obtaining permission to conduct research and on conditions of work and living in potential areas of research to interested parties.

5) Assist in the formulation of research proposals to involve input by ni-Vanuatu, and nominate persons for involvement.

6) Provide advice to the National Cultural Council.

7) Facilitate and ensure awareness of the research proposal in the local community and assist the members of the community in making a decision as to their involvement.

8) Educate local community members and the researcher(s) as to their rights under the Research Agreement and the Traditional Copyright Agreement.

9) Assist the local community and the researcher in determining the product of immediate benefit and use to be provided by the researcher and assist in its provision.

10) Inform the local government, area council of chiefs and any other relevant regional and national bodies of the undertaking of a research project.

11) Monitor the research venture with a view to ensuring compliance with the Research Agreement and providing feedback to relevant national bodies.

12) Assist the researcher.

13) Receive and caretake deposited products of research.

14) Facilitate the provision of products of research to schools and assist the National Curriculum Centre in their preparation.

15) Publicise this policy within Vanuatu and to overseas research institutions, universities, etc.

xii) Commercial ventures

Where any of the products of research are to be used for commercial purposes, a separate agreement between the National Cultural Council and the researcher will be made specifying the basis on which sales are to be made and the proceeds of sales are to be distributed. The details of this agreement will be recorded in section 12 of the Research Agreement. The National Cultural Council will be responsible for distributing the funds received to the designated individuals, communities and institutions within Vanuatu. Where research is engaged in for commercial purposes, it is the responsibility of the researcher to make all informants and suppliers of information aware of this fact, and to come to an agreement with them (recorded in the Traditional Copyright Agreement) on the amount of royalty to be paid on received data. Copies of all commercial products of research are to be deposited with the Cultural Centre as specified in section 3(vi) of this document.

Appendix 1 (Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy).

Research Agreement

AN AGREEMENT made the ................................ day of ................................ , 199........... .

BETWEEN : THE NATIONAL CULTURAL COUNCIL, representing the Government of the Republic of Vanuatu and the local community, (hereinafter called "the Council") of the one part.

AND :

of (institution)

(hereinafter called "the Researcher") of the other part.

WHEREAS :

(1) The Researcher has applied to the Council to do research work in the Republic of Vanuatu, and agrees to the conditions placed upon her/him in this document and to compliance with the intent of the ethics described in the Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy.

(2) The Council has agreed to allow the Researcher to do such research, and has agreed to the obligations placed upon it by this document and by the Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy.

AND THEREFORE THE PARTIES AGREED AS FOLLOWS :

(1) The Council hereby authorises the Researcher to undertake research work in Vanuatu on the subject of

with the communit(y/ies) of

on the island/s of

in the capacity of (if more than one researcher is involved)

for the period up until (Specify if research will involve more than one visit)

(2) The Researcher has paid an authorisation fee of 25 000 vatu to cover all administrative costs incurred in the setting up and implementation of the research venture, or this fee has been waived by the Council.

(3) The right to the products of research shall belong to the Researcher who shall be entitled to reproduce them for educational, academic or scientific purposes, provided that traditional copyrights are not compromised and the permission to use material has been obtained, through the Traditional Copyright Agreement, from copyright holders. The products of research shall not be reproduced or offered for sale or otherwise used for commercial purposes, unless specified under section 12 of this agreement.

(4) Copies of all non-artefact products of research are to be deposited without charge with the Cultural Centre and, where feasible, with the local community. Two copies of films and videos are to be provided,

one for public screening and the other for deposit in the archives. In the case of films, a copy on video is also required. Any artefacts collected become the property of the Cultural Centre unless traditional ownership has been established in the Traditional Copyright Agreement. The carrying of any artefacts or specimens outside the country is prohibited as stipulated under cap.39 of the Laws of Vanuatu. Artefacts and specimens may be taken out of the country for overseas study and analysis under cap.39(7). The conditions for the return of the following materials are:

(Specify artefacts/specimens/other materials and conditions for return)

The Researcher has either

(a) provided a letter from the institution to which they are affiliated guaranteeing the researcher's compliance with the above conditions, or

(b) provided a retrievable deposit of 40 000 vatu to ensure their compliance with these conditions.

(5) The Researcher will be responsible for the translation of a publication in a language other than a vernacular language or one of the three national languages of Vanuatu into a vernacular or one of the national languages, preferably the one used in education in the local community. They will also make the information in all products of research, subject to copyright restrictions, accessible to the local community through such means as audio cassettes or copies of recorded information, preferably in the vernacular. The Researcher will also submit an interim report of not less than 2000 words no later than 6 months after the research period has ended giving a reasonable precis of their work. This will be in one of the national languages and in `layman's terms' so as to be of general use to all citizens.

(6) There will be maximum involvement of indigenous scholars, students and members of the community in research, full recognition of their collaboration, and training to enable their further contribution to country and community. The Council nominates the following individuals to be involved in research and/or trained, in the following capacities:

(7) A product of immediate benefit and use to the local community will be provided by the Researcher no later than 6 months after termination of the research period. This product is:

(8) In addition to their research work, the Researcher will, as a service to the nation of Vanuatu, undertake to : (section 3(viii) of the Cultural Research Policy suggests possible services of benefit to the nation)

(9) In undertaking research the Researcher will:

a) recognise the rights of people being studied, including the right not to be studied, to privacy, to anonymity, and to confidentiality;

b) recognise the primary right of informants and suppliers of data and materials to the knowledge and use of that information and material, and respect traditional copyrights, which always remain with the local community;

c) assume a responsibility to make the subjects in research fully aware of their rights and the nature of the research and their involvement in it;

d) respect local customs and values and carry out research in a manner consistent with these;

e) contribute to the interests of the local community in whatever ways possible so as to maximise the return to the community for their cooperation in the research work;

f) recognise their continuing obligations to the local community after the completion of field work, including returning materials as desired and providing support and continuing concern.

(10) In all cases where information or material data is obtained by the Researcher, a Traditional Copyright Agreement will be completed by the Researcher and the supplier of data regarding this material. The Researcher has a responsibility to make such informants fully aware of their rights and obligations, and those of the Researcher, in the signing of the Traditional Copyright Agreement.

(11) A breach of any part of this agreement by the Researcher or a decision by the local community that it no longer wishes to be involved in the research venture will result in the termination of the research project.

(12) (Additional clauses/conditions) (This section will detail commercial ventures, extra costs incurred by the Cultural Centre, etc.)

Signed :

...................................................

The Researcher

...................................................................

On behalf of the National Cultural Council.

Appendix 2 (Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy).

Agrimen blong givim raet long narafala man blong yusum samting we i gat kastom ona (owner, le propriétaire) blong hem (olsem ol storian, ol sing-sing, ol spesel stael blong droa o katem wud, ol save long saed blong mekem ol samting).

1 Nem blong samting ia we i gat kastom ona blong hem we bambae man o woman we i mekem stadi i save yusum

........................................................................ ...............................................................

2 Nem blong Ona blong samting ia (man o woman o nasara we i gat raet long hem)

........................................................................ ...............................................................

Famli mo laen blong Ona

........................................................................ ...............................................................

Vilij mo aelan blong Ona

........................................................................ ...............................................................

3 Sipos i gat wan narafala man o woman o nasara we i gat wan difren kaen kastom raet bakegen long samting ia, talemaot nem blong olgeta, vilij blong olgeta, mo kaen raet we we ol i gat long samting ia

........................................................................ ...............................................................

Ona we nem blong hem i kamaot antap hem i holem ful raet oltaem blong save mo yusum samting ia, mo hem i gat ful raet blong talem hu bakegen i save save o yusum samting ia.

4 Nem blong man o woman we i wantem gat raet blong yusum samting ia blong mekem stadi long hem

........................................................................ ...............................................................

Man o woman ia we bambae hem i mekem stadi ol i singaotem hem se "Riseja".

Ples we Riseja i stap wok

........................................................................ ...............................................................

5 Long Agrimen ia, Ona hem i givim raet long Riseja blong hem i save yusum samting ia long saed blong wok blong hem long fasin olsem:

(1) Evri taem we Riseja i yusum toktok o samting ia long wan wei we narafala man bambae i harem o i lukluk, Riseja i mas talemaot se hem i karem samting ia long Ona blong hem mo talemaot nem blong Ona.

Sipos Ona i no wantem se ol i talemaot nem blong hem olsem ia, talemaot long ples ia:

........................................................................ ...............................................................

(2) Samting ia we Ona i letem long Riseja i yusum:

- Hem i pablik nomo blong eni man o woman i save lukluk: Yes / No

- Hem i tabu blong woman i lukluk: Yes / No

- Hem i tabu blong man i lukluk: Yes / No

- Hem i tabu blong pikinini i lukluk: Yes / No

- Hem i tabu blong man blong difren Nasara i lukluk: Yes / No

- Hem i gat wan difren kaen tabu bakegen long hem olsem:

........................................................................ ...............................................................

(3) Sipos i gat sam kaen spesel fasin we Riseja i mas mekem taem we hem i yusum samting ia, talemaot long ples ia:

........................................................................ ...............................................................

6 Sipos Ona i wantem lukluk fastaem blong jekemap sipos Riseja i yusum samting ia long stret fasin blong hem evri taem we Riseja i yusum, talemaot long ples ia: Yes / No

7 Riseja i bin pem blong gat raet blong yusum samting ia ?: Yes / No

Sipos Riseja i bin pem, hamas hem i pem ? : ................................................................vatu

8 Sipos Ona we nem blong hem i kamaot long ples ia hem i lus, hu nao bambae i kam olsem nufala Ona blong samting ia, we bambae i save talemaot se narafala man o woman i save yusum samting ia ?

........................................................................ ...............................................................

Ol narafala toktok blong Agrimen ia:

9 Vanuatu Kaljoral Senta bambae i karem wan kopi blong samting ia we Riseja i karem blong putum long Tabu Rum blong hem long Vila. Kaljoral Senta bambae i holem taet mo lukaotem kastom raet blong Ona blong samting ia, mo bambae i yusum samting ia folem nomo ol stret fasin blong hem we ol i talemaot long Agrimen ia. Sipos Riseja i wantem yusum samting ia blong winim mane long hem, bambae Kaljoral Senta i lukluk wetem Ona blong samting ia blong talemaot hamas bambae Riseja i mas pem.

10 Taem Riseja hem i saenem Agrimen ia hem i saen blong ples blong wok blong hem tu. Hemia i minim se ples blong wok blong Riseja i mas respektem raet blong Ona blong samting ia semak olsem Riseja.

11 Eni taem we Riseja hem i no save o hem i no klia gud long hao blong yusum samting ia, hem i mas stretem fastaem wetem Ona blong samting ia mo Kaljoral Senta bifo hem i yusum.

12 Sipos Riseja i yusum samting ia long wan wei we i no stret, bambae hem i save pem kompensesen i kam long Ona blong samting ia, mo Ona bambae i save karemaot raet blong yusum samting ia long Riseja. Bambae Kaljoral Senta i lukluk wetem Ona blong talemaot hamas nao bambae Riseja i mas pem olsem kompensesen.

Saen:

...................................................

Riseja

...................................................

Ona

[Researcher use: Index location of material covered by this agreement: audio tape number and counter index; notes; etc.]

........................................................................ ............................................................................ ...............

Appendix 3 (Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy).

POLICY ON THE USE OF TRADITIONAL FORMS IN VANUATU

1. Definitions

"Traditional forms" : the particular and coherent shapes and figurations (forms) in which traditional knowledge may appear. Traditional knowledge can be defined as any knowledge created, acquired or inspired for traditional subsistence, ritual, narrative, decorative or recreational purposes, the nature or use of which has been transmitted from generation to generation, and which is regarded as pertaining to a particular person or people in Vanuatu. As such, traditional forms include all material objects and sites; names, stories, traditions and songs in oral narratives; dances, ceremonies and ritual performances or practices; the delineated forms, parts and details of visual compositions (designs); and specialised and technical knowledge and the skills required to implement this knowledge (including that pertaining to resource use practices and systems of classification).

2. Policy statements

i) This policy aims to protect and uphold the customary rights of the owners of traditional forms, and to ensure that whenever traditional forms are used, they are used in accordance with the principles of traditional copyright. As such, this policy does not apply to use of traditional forms for traditional subsistence, ritual, narrative, decorative or recreational purposes in accordance with the principles of traditional copyright.

ii) No one may reproduce traditional forms without first gaining the approval of the traditional copyright holder(s). Where a person wishes to use a traditional form, the Vanuatu Cultural Centre or the National Council of Chiefs (Malvatumauri) must be consulted to approve the procedure whereby they can attain the right to do so.

iii) Where the traditional copyright holder(s) of a traditional form can be identified, the person(s) wishing to use the traditional form (the applicant) will acquire the right to use that form through completing the Traditional Copyright Agreement (Appendix 2 of the Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy). In this Agreement, the applicant is identified as the "Researcher" ("Riseja").

iv) The Vanuatu Cultural Centre can assist in identifying the traditional copyright holder(s) of a traditional form where the traditional owner(s) of that form is unknown or its ownership status is ambiguous. For forms over which no traditional copyright is held (public forms) or for which no traditional copyright holders can be identified (old or disputed forms), the chief of the specific area concerned, the Council of Chiefs of the region concerned, the Council of Chiefs of the island concerned or the National Council of Chiefs should be consulted to determine the ownership status of the particular form and how the particular form may or may not be used. The Cultural Centre can assist in the process of liaision with chiefs.

v) The following procedure is generally recommended for the use of all traditional forms:

a) The traditional copyright holder will authorise the applicant to reproduce the particular form, and an agreement will be drawn up specifying how that form can be used, the number of times the form can be reproduced and how these reproductions are to be distributed. This agreement can be reviewed periodically.

b) Each time the traditional form is reproduced, the applicant will pay a royalty to the copyright holder for the right to use and reproduce that form.

vi) Each time a traditional form is reproduced by the applicant, the copyright of the traditional copyright holder over that form must be acknowledged.

The Vanuatu Cultural Centre may modify or waive any of the above conditions. Failure to comply with these conditions may result in withdrawal of the right to use any traditional form, and the payment of compensation to the traditional copyright holder to a level determined by the Vanuatu Cultural Centre in liaison with the traditional copyright holder and chiefs.

Any queries or applications to use traditional forms can be directed to:

The Curator, National Museum

The Director,

Vanuatu Cultural Centre, P. O. Box 184, Port Vila, Vanuatu.

Tel : (678) 22129 Fax : (678) 26590 e-mail: vks@vanuatu.pactok.net

Appendix 4 (Vanuatu Cultural Research Policy)

NATIONAL POLICY ON FILMING IN VANUATU

1. All film making (including video) in Vanuatu falls under the jurisdiction of the National Film and Sound Unit of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, which must be notified of any film making activity in the country.

2. Any film making that is undertaken by foreign film makers and that involves a cultural subject (that is, any ethnographic footage or footage particularly featuring scenes from people's daily lives) requires the consent of the Vanuatu National Cultural Council, and must satisfy the following conditions:

a) A formal application to film in Vanuatu must be made to the Vanuatu Cultural Centre at least 4 weeks in advance of filming. A tentative or confirmed itinerary must be presented with this application.

b) A minimum authorisation fee of 50 000 vatu (travel program) or 100 000 vatu (documentary) must be provided to the Vanuatu Cultural Centre before filming can commence. This fee may be modified or waived upon request.

c) Copies of all footage taken, including unedited portions (RUSH) and edited final products in broadcast-quality SP-Betacam or S-VHS, must be deposited with the National Film Unit of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre. A financial deposit of 100 000 vatu may be required to ensure compliance with this condition.

d) A representative of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre is required to accompany the film maker while shooting footage. This is primarily to ensure cultural sensitivity on the film maker's part, however the Cultural Centre representative can also assist the film maker and help generally to facilitate filming.

The Vanuatu Cultural Centre may modify or waive any of the above conditions. Failure to comply with these conditions may result in confiscation of filming equipment and footage.

Any queries or applications by foreign film makers to film in Vanuatu can be directed to:

The Curator, National Film and Sound Unit, Vanuatu Cultural Centre, P.O. Box 184, Port Vila, Vanuatu.

Tel: (678) 22129 Fax: (678) 26590 e-mail: kaljoralsenta@vanuatu.gov.vu

	hosts this site.
Date Last Modified: 28-October-97	URL: http://artalpha.anu.edu.au/web/arc/vks/contre.htm
Feedback to Archaeology World: peter.hiscock@anu.edu.au.